In traditional tunnel construction, workers need to perform concrete spraying in dusty environments with high risk of falling. With the popularization of large robot shotcrete machine, this high-risk extensive construction is being replaced by intelligent and mechanized equipment. Modern equipment represented by the 4017 project concrete robot shotcrete machine has achieved a double breakthrough in construction efficiency and safety through integrated pumping, remote control and intelligent control systems.
I. Technical principles and core components
The core functions of the robot shotcrete machine are based on the process flow of ready-mixed concrete delivery-accelerator precise addition-high-pressure spraying:
1. Concrete preparation: The mixing station mixes cement, aggregate, water and admixtures in proportion to form a uniform wet material;
2. Pumping system: A plunger pump or hydraulic system is used to deliver concrete to the nozzle, and the pressure can reach more than 2.6MPa;
3. Accelerator control: Accurately adjust the flow rate of the accelerator through the variable frequency motor and Schneider inverter, with a dosage range of 4%-5.5%;
4. Robot arm spraying: The six-degree-of-freedom robot arm supports 360° rotation, pitch and telescopic, and cooperates with wireless remote control to achieve complex section coverage.
II. Core advantages of robot shotcrete machine
1. Efficiency improvement
① The spraying speed reaches 30-40m³/h, which is 2-3 times more efficient than traditional small wet spraying machines;
② The four-wheel drive engineering chassis supports rapid transfer and adapts to the narrow space in the tunnel.
2. Safety and environmental protection
① Remote control operation keeps personnel away from the face and reduces dust concentration by 90%;
② The concrete rebound rate is less than 10% (traditional dry spraying is 30%-50%), reducing material waste.
3. Construction quality assurance
① The wet spraying process ensures the density and adhesion of concrete, and the compressive strength of the primary support layer is increased by 15%-20%;
② The intelligent monitoring system provides real-time feedback on the spraying thickness and support quality to reduce the risk of landslides.
4. Adaptability to working conditions
① Covering multiple sections from single-track railway tunnels to two-way eight-lane highway tunnels;
② Can operate stably in an environment of -20℃ to 50℃, equipped with antifreeze and heating pipeline systems.
III. Application scenarios and market development
1. Main fields: railway/highway tunnels (accounting for 65%), mine tunnels (20%), water conservancy and hydropower projects (10%);
2. Representative projects: National key projects such as Naqing Expressway and Yanjiang Expressway all use robot shotcrete machine support;
3. Industry trends: The global market is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate of 8.2% from 2023 to 2029, and Chinese manufacturers account for 45% of global production capacity.
Ⅳ. Future development direction of Blue Ocean intelligent robot shotcrete machine
1. Intelligent upgrade: integrated 5G remote control, AI automatic path planning system;
2. Green construction: research and development of environmentally friendly technologies such as low-energy motors and degradable quick-setting agents;
3. Multifunctional integration: work in collaboration with rock drilling trolleys and arch installation machines to create a mechanized assembly line for the entire tunnel process.
Tunnel robot shotcrete machine have redefined support standards through technological innovation. Their value is not only reflected in the improvement of construction efficiency, but also in promoting the industry to develop in a safe, controllable, resource-saving and environmentally friendly direction. With the increase in infrastructure investment in the "14th Five-Year Plan", this type of equipment will become one of the core equipment for underground engineering construction.